A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, full name Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, was a renowned Indian scientist and the 11th President of India. He was born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, a small town in Tamil Nadu, India. Kalam emerged as a prominent figure in Indian science and technology, particularly in the fields of aerospace engineering and missile development. His contributions to the Indian space and defense programs earned him the title "Missile Man of India." Abdul Kalam hailed from a humble background, and his childhood was marked by hard work and dedication. His father, Jainulabdeen, was a boat owner, and his mother, Ashiamma, was a housewife. Despite financial constraints, Kalam's parents instilled in him a strong sense of education and moral values. Kalam was an avid learner from a young age and developed a keen interest in science and mathematics. After completing his school education, Kalam enrolled at St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli, to pu
Social and political general subject