Colonel Muammar Gaddafi, also known as Colonel Gaddafi or simply Gaddafi, was the leader of Libya from 1969 until his death in 2011. He was born on June 7, 1942, in the town of Qasr Abu Hadi in what was then the Italian colony of Libya. Gaddafi's rise to power and his subsequent rule were marked by a mix of political ideology, international controversies, and domestic policies that shaped Libya's history during his tenure. Gaddafi came to power on September 1, 1969, in a military coup that ousted King Idris I, who had ruled Libya since its independence from Italy in 1951. At the time, Gaddafi was a young army officer and one of the leaders of the group known as the Free Officers Movement. The coup established the Libyan Arab Republic, with Gaddafi assuming the role of chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council, effectively making him the country's leader. During the early years of his rule, Gaddafi implemented a series of political and social reforms aimed at
Social and political general subject